Tar-distillation apparatus



Aug. 17 1926.

H. KOPPERS ,TAR DISTILLATION APPARATUS Filed July 6, 1921 Patented Aug. 17, 1926.

1,596,050 PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, ,OF ESSEN-RUHB, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS DE- VELOPMENT CORPORATION, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA.

TAR-DISTILLATION APPARATUS.

Application fi led July 6, 1921, Serial No. 482.803, and in Germany April 10, 1918.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L, 1318.)

The invention relates to a vessel forthe distillation of tar and. the like in which the fire tubes are arranged so as to permit of the ready insertion and removal of the fire tubes through the interior of such vessel:

and also to render easy access to the interiorof the fire tubes- I The distillation of tar and similar substances in actual practise mostly takes place by using a directly fired vessel provided .with fire tubes after the fashion of the Cornwall boilers, in which" the fire ,gases'. after passing through the fire tubes, are led backaround the outside of the vessel in order to obtain an increased utilization of the heat. This leading back of the heating gases of course, calls for s walling-in of the boilers which it is difficult to keep tight because in connection with the intermittent operation of such vessels, cooling is necessary at comparatively short intervals whereby, in view of the great temperature fluctuations, the walling-in becomes cracked and is destroyed. The proposition has therefore already been made to use such distilling'vessels without walls by connecting the twofire tubes in the inside of the boiler by means of a bend so that the fire gases enter and leave the boiler on the same side; in this case the inner'fire tubes can then also'have an automatic movement by themselves subject to the temperature influences; the vessel is so movably placed for that purpose that it can accommodate all temperature expansions and is provided with a suitable heat insulation, which renders a walling-1n unnecessary.

Even such an arrangement, however, has

drawbacks, inasmuchas the fire tubes, 0W- ing to the bend being situated in the inside of the boiler, because difiicult of access and,

on account of the non-uniform expansion of the two fire tubes connected with each other, not even the intended compensation in tension is fully obtained. To this must be added, that by means of the restriction to two fire tubes the desired utilization of the heat gases cannot be obtained.

The invention relates to such a vessel for the distillation of tar and similar purposes in which the mentioned drawbacks are climinated by running the fire tubes in the boiler from endto end, while by means of easily removable bends put 'on from the outside,

the series arrangement for creating the desired coil route is obtained; in this con struction, after removing the bends, the inside of the fire tubes is easily accessible.

'while the requisite expansion possibility of the tubes is obtained by the'insertion of expansion sections in each tube, whereby the latter also obtain a certain amount of independence. Since this arrangement is not confined to the use of only two fire tubes, an additional one can be provided, this being suitably arranged in such a way that it is directed upwards by means of a bend'near one end of the boiler. while attached to the same at the other end, and leaves the vessel as a chimney. In consequence of theoscillation brought about by this vertical bend, the requisite movability is vouchsafed for this tube without its requiring the insertion of an expansion section or similar compensating device.

With such objects in view I have shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical efiect without limiting the improvements in their useful application to the particular construction which, for purposes of explanation, has been made the subject of illustration. In

said drawing Fig. 1 is a centrallongitudinal section of a boiler or vessel embodying my improvements.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on lin'e'2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal longitudinal section of the same.

Referring to the drawings-' The vessel a made as a boiler in the customary manner is supported on one side in a stationary manner by means of the base I), while on theother side it is movably supported by means of an oscillatable support formed by an elastic piece of sheet metal 0 in such a way that the alterations in length taking place in operation and cooling owing to the fluctuations in temperature can be freely accommodated. Through the outlet valve attached to the manhole d at the bottom of the boiler, the residue can' be removed, while the tar vapors expelled are discharged to the outside through the dome e. The fire gases developed in the fire place f first go into the pipe 9 which, with the in-' ser tion of expansion sections h, connects with the two ends of the boiler. By means of an easily removable bend 2' on the outside of the boiler, the pipe 9 is connected with the pipe Z which is made in a similar manner and which in turn is connected by a bend m on the front end of the boiler with a third pipe 11, the latter being directly connected to the pipe 0 which serves as a chimney. As the pipes all have to lie in the pitch layer which roughly amounts to one-half the tar, while on the other hand, the diameter'must not become too small, the arrangement is so conceived that the tubes lie at the apices of a triangle as seen in cross section. (See Fig. 2). The cross section of the three fire tubes g, Z, n, is suitably graduated in this connectionaccording to the lowering in temperature and thus in the volume of the fire gases.

What is claimed is v 1. In an apparatus for the distillation of tar and the like, in combination: a tar boiler,

means for supporting said boiler at either end, fire tubes arranged longitudinally with:

in said boiler and connected one with another by removable flue sections arranged exteriorly of said tar boiler, one of said fire tubes being arranged at one side of said boiler and connected to a source of fire gas supply, said source of gas supply being spaced from said tar boiler and another of said fire tubes being arranged at the opposite side of said boiler and connected with an outlet for said fire gases, one of said boiler supports being provided with means for compensating for the longitudinal expansion of said boiler during t e process of distillation.

2. An apparatus for distillation of tar comprising: a source of fire gas a metallic tar receptacle spaced from said source of fire as supply, longitudinally extending fire ues contained within said tar receptacle. one of said fire flues being communicably connected with said source of fire gas supply b a fine, each of said fire fines having yiel ing elements associated with them, detachable fire flue bends positioned exteriorly at each end of the metallic tar receptacle and communicably connecting each fire flue with the next fire flue.

3. An apparatus for distillation of tar comprising a source of fire gas supply, a metallic tar receptacle s aced from said source of fire, gas supply, ongitudinally extending fire fines each having a -yielding element associated therewith, said fire fines being contained within said metallic tar receptacle, arranged therein so that each flue forms the apex of a triangle, one of said fire fiues being communicably connected by a fine with said souoe of fire gas supply, each of said fire flues being communicably connected with the next fire flue by return bends positioned exteriorly at each end of the metallic tar receptacle.

4. An apparatus for distillation of tar comprising a source of fire gas supply, a metallic tar receptacle spaced from said source of fire gas su ply, longitudinally extending fire fines each having a yielding element associated therewith, said fire fines being contained within said metallic tar receptacle, arranged therein so that each fiue forms the'apex of a triangle, one of said fire fines being communicably connected by a fine with said source of fire gas supply, each of said fire fines being commnnicably connected with the next fire fine by return bends positioned exteriorly at each end of the metallic tar receptacle, said fire flues being graduated to compensate for lowering in temperature of the fire gases as they pass through the tar laden receptacle, the last flue of said fire fines being upturned within the metallic receptacle to provide an exit for the fire gases.

HEINRICH KOPPERS. 

